During the 20th century there were several different styles/schools of art.

Fauves! Wild beasts!, These artist used three main characteristics, color, simplified forms and ordinary subjects matter in their art. 

Expressionist aimed to express emotions through the use of vivid colors and strong distorted lines.

Cubism was a French school of art most prominent between 1907 and 1914. It abandoned single-point perspective and. instead subjects were presented from various viewpoints simultaneously.

Surrealism is an art movement started in the 1920s which focuses on the subconscious, the fantastic, the interpretation of dreams. Surrealism is realistic things in unrealistic settings.

Non-Objective Art is another way of to refer to Abstract art or nonrepresentational art.